General reference notes about pigments can describe other media (such as oil). They do not verify this product’s exact formulation or behavior.
Phthalo Green
- Pigment code
- PG7
- Type
- organic
- Chemical name
- polychlorinated copper(II) phthalocyanine
- Chemical formula
- C32H3Cl13CuN8 to C32HCl15CuN8 or C32H16CuN8Cl15 (PG7) or C32Br6Cl10CuN8 (PG36)
- Properties
- Phthalo Green is a transparent, cool, bright, high intensity color used in oil and acrylics. It comes from a Phthalocyanine Blue pigment where most of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced with chlorine, forming highly stable molecules. It has similar pigment properties and permanence to Phthalo Blue. It is slow drying and an excellent base color for mixing a range of bright greens. Phthalo Green is considered a very good alternative to Viridian because it is intense and mixes well and can be used to emphasize mineral colors in various tints. However, its tinting strength is very high, so it can overpower other colors. This pigment most closely resembles the discontinued and toxic Verdigris.
- Permanence
- Phthalo Greens are completely lightfast and resistant to alkali, acids, solvents, heat, and ultraviolet radiation. They are currently used in inks, coatings, and many plastics due to their stability and are considered a standard pigment in printing ink and the packaging industry.
- Description
- Bocour Green, Cyan Green, Intense Green, Monastral Green, Phthalocyanine Green BS, Rembrandt Green, Thalo Green, Winsor Green.
Hansa Yellow 10G
- Pigment code
- PY3
- Type
- organic, monoazo
- Chemical formula
- C16H12CL2N4O2
- Properties
- This Hansa yellow is a transparent yellow. It has great brightness and tinting strength and its drying time ranges from average to slow. Hansa Yellow makes more intense tints and cleaner secondaries than Cadmium Yellows, especially when mixed with other organic or modern colors like Phthalo Blue and Green. Because they are more transparent, they have great value as glazing colors.
- Permanence
- This Hansa Yellow has fair to good permanence, particularly in the lighter shades.
- Description
- Arylamide Yellow, Arylide, Arylide Yellow, Azo, Brilliant Yellow, Monoazo, Monolite Yellow, Permanent Yellow.
Lamp Black
- Pigment code
- PBk6
- Type
- inorganic
- Chemical name
- carbon
- Chemical formula
- C
- Properties
- Lamp black is a very opaque, heavily staining black pigment that does not have much covering power. It is typically the most opaque black in watercolor form. Though a very pure black, it tends to muddy slightly in mixtures, is one of the slowest drying pigments in oils, and should not be used under other colors.
- Permanence
- Lamp Black is very lightfast and absolutely permanent. It is used in all techniques in permanent painting.
- Toxicity
- Lamp Black is slightly toxic by skin contact and inhalation. It is a possible human carcinogen.
- History
- Lamp Black is a carbon based black traditionally produced by collecting soot (known as lampblack) from oil lamps. It is the black found in Egyptian murals and tomb decorations and was the most popular black for frescoing until the development of Mars Black.
- Description
- Carbon Black, Channel Black, Oil Black, Vegetable Black. Flame Black is an impure version of Lamp Black.