
Grumbacher Pre-Tested Artists' Oil Color - Ivory Black, 1.25 oz tube
Pre-Tested Artists' Oil Color
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Blick Art Materials
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Product details
- Size
- 37 ml
- Blick SKU
- 00448-2253
About this product range
Tested and approved by professionals, for professionals, Grumbacher Pre-Tested Professional Oils have been one of America's favorite oil paints since 1905. Recently reformulated, the line now includes stronger, purer cadmiums and exciting contemporary colors.
Grumbacher Pre-Tested Oils are made with the finest pure pigments milled in select alkali-refined linseed oil, with the exception of the Whites described below. All 90 colors are highly pigmented, with tinting strength equal to or better than the leading professional brands. Pre-Tested Oils offer high chroma, superior tinting strength, excellent adhesion, outstanding working properties, the utmost lightfastness, and archival permanence.
Superba White is a smooth, buttery, heavy-bodied white ground in non-yellowing poppy seed oil. Superba is unaffected by exposure to light, freely intermixable with other colors, and offers enhanced opacity and tinting strength.
Titanium White is a permanent, heavy-bodied, versatile, opaque, pure white that is neutral in hue. It's ideal for applications where great opacity is required, and is considered the strongest tinting white.
Soft Titanium White is a permanent soft-bodied, opaque, non-yellowing Titanium White that is ground in poppy seed and sunflower oils, rather than linseed oil. These oils do not yellow with age, as does pure linseed oil. Soft Titanium White is also recommended for fluid wet-in-wet techniques.
Zinc White is a permanent, heavy-bodied, semi-opaque, cool white. It's designed especially for brilliant clear tints with all oil colors, and is excellent for glazing.
Pigment information
General reference notes about pigments can describe other media (such as oil). They do not verify this product’s exact formulation or behavior.
Ivory Black
- Pigment code
- PBk9
- Type
- charred animal bone
- Chemical name
- carbon + calcium phosphate
- Chemical formula
- C + Ca3(PO4)2 or C x CaPO4
- Properties
- Ivory Black is a cool, semi-transparent blue-black with a slight brownish undertone and average tinting strength. It mixes well with any color, and creates a range of dull greens when mixed with yellow. It has good properties for use in oil, can be slow to dry in oil form, and should never be used in underpainting or frescoing. Ivory Black is denser than Lamp Black.
- Permanence
- Ivory Black is very lightfast and has good permanence, though it is considered the least permanent of the major black pigments.
- Toxicity
- Ivory Black has no significant hazards.
- History
- Ivory Black is a carbon based black first named as Elephantium, and described in the 4th century BCE as produced by heating ivory scraps in clay pots to reduce the ivory or bone to charcoal. The deviation in names is because the more expensive varieties of this pigment were made by burning ivory, and the less expensive ones by burning animal bone. In the 19th century, the name Ivory Black was finally permitted to be applied to Carbon Black pigments made from bone. True Ivory Black is rare in modern times due to the protection of ivory, and the synthetic variety produced today was discovered in 1929. Bone Black is produced as an industrial pigment.
- Description
- Animal Black, Blue Black, Bone Black. Paris Black is an inferior grade of Ivory Black. Incorrectly labeled as Frankfort Black.
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